As noted, the California emissions adder differs by vehicle. Some conform to the California standard already and just require warranty extension. Some actually require equipment to be installed, even in this day and age.
What's missing from this discussion is the old "Smog Impact Fee" that California used to charge out of state vehicle owners when they registered in state. This fee was declared unconstitutional by the California Supreme Court about 6 or 7 years ago, so the charge went away. If memory serves, it was a $400 one time fee for every car, even if it could pass the California Emissions test without modification. By the way, you won't be surprised to learn that from the factory, pretty much every car can pass the California Emissions test. The PZEV thing mentioned before is only relative to gas cap emissions. PZEV stands for Partial Zero Emissions Vehicle. In the case of Ford and Ford related products, the partial part is a fuel vapor recovery system that prevents any and all VOC's from escaping the fuel tank. I assume this is done with something resembling an EGR or PCV system, but I don't really know. Nor do I know why it derates the power, but it may just be the rating and not the reality.
So, All that said, it may not matter what New York and Massachsetts want as far as vehicle compliance. If they're anything like California, you just have to pass the test. Sure, there are various other parameters that must be met, like the car is supposed to have more than 7500 miles on it before it's transfered into the state and I don't think you can register a new, out of state car if you're a California resident. This is to prevent people from just buying cars out of state and bringing them home. Check your local DMV, but I doubt you'll have to jump through too many hoops to register in NY.